CL LP Auto-Rebalancer v1

Cron 驱动的 Uniswap V3 集中流动性自动调仓机器人，运行在 EVM L2 链上，通过 onchainos CLI 执行 DeFi 操作。核心思路：波动率决定范围宽度 — 低波动率时收紧范围提高资本效率，高波动率时放宽范围减少调仓频率和无常损失。

每个 tick：获取价格 → 波动率分析 → 范围计算 → 调仓决策 → 执行调仓 → 报告。

Architecture

Cron (5min) → Python script → onchainos CLI → OKX Web3 API → Chain
                  ↓                ↓
            cl_lp_state.json    Wallet (TEE signing)
                  ↓
            ┌──────────────┐
            │ Price Fetch   │ ← onchainos swap quote / market price
            │ K-line ATR    │ ← onchainos market kline (1H × 24)
            │ MTF Analysis  │ ← price_history (288 bars = 24h)
            └──────┬───────┘
                   ↓
            Range Calculation (vol-adaptive)
                   ↓
            Rebalance Decision
                   ↓
            ┌──────────────┐
            │ Claim Fees    │ ← onchainos defi claim
            │ Remove Liq    │ ← onchainos defi redeem
            │ Swap Ratio    │ ← onchainos swap swap
            │ Add Liq       │ ← onchainos defi deposit
            └──────┬───────┘
                   ↓
            Structured JSON output

OKX Skill Dependencies (via onchainos CLI — 处理认证、链解析、错误重试):

• Price: onchainos market price --address <token> --chain <chain>
• K-line: onchainos market kline --address <token> --chain <chain> --bar 1H --limit 24
• Quote: onchainos swap quote --from <A> --to <B> --amount <amt> --chain <chain>
• Swap: onchainos swap swap --from <A> --to <B> --amount <amt> --chain <chain> --wallet <addr> --slippage <pct>
• Approve: onchainos swap approve --token <addr> --amount <amt> --chain <chain>
• Pool Search: onchainos defi search --chain <chain> --token "<token0>,<token1>" --product-group DEX_POOL
• Pool Detail: onchainos defi detail --investment-id <id> --chain <chain>
• Calculate Entry: onchainos defi calculate-entry --investment-id <id> --chain <chain> --tick-lower <tick> --tick-upper <tick>
• Deposit: onchainos defi deposit --investment-id <id> --chain <chain> --amount0 <amt> --amount1 <amt> --tick-lower <tick> --tick-upper <tick>
• Redeem: onchainos defi redeem --investment-id <id> --chain <chain> --token-id <id> --percent 100
• Claim Fees: onchainos defi claim --investment-id <id> --chain <chain> --token-id <id>
• Positions: onchainos defi positions --chain <chain>
• Position Detail: onchainos defi position-detail --investment-id <id> --chain <chain> --token-id <id>

Step 0: Pool Selection (First-Time Setup)

When user has no config.json or asks to set up a new pool, trigger this step.

核心原则：AI 应从用户的自然语言中提取意图，自动推断尽可能多的参数，只在信息不足时才追问。

0.1 Intent Recognition

从用户输入中提取：

信息	示例用户输入	提取结果
链	"在 Base 上做 LP"	chain = base
代币对	"ETH/USDC 的流动性"	token0 = ETH, token1 = USDC
风险偏好	"稳定一点的"	pool_type = stablecoin
Fee tier	"0.3% 的池子"	fee_tier = 0.3%

缺失信息的默认推断：

• 未指定链 → 推荐 Base（L2 gas 低，适合频繁调仓）
• 未指定代币对 → 必须追问（核心参数，无法推断）
• 未指定 fee tier → 根据代币对自动选 TVL 最大的池子
• 未指定风险偏好 → 从代币对自动分类

0.2 Pool Type Classification

根据代币对自动分类，不需要问用户：

类型	判断规则	默认参数集
稳定币对	两个都是稳定币（USDC/USDT/DAI/FRAX）	窄范围、低止损
Native/稳定币	一个是 ETH/WETH/WBTC，另一个是稳定币	标准参数
非稳定币对	两个都不是稳定币，但都是主流币	宽范围、高止损
含 Meme 币	代币不在主流币列表中（市值低、无 Coingecko 排名）	极宽范围 + 强制风险确认

主流币白名单：ETH, WETH, WBTC, USDC, USDT, DAI, FRAX, ARB, OP, MATIC, BNB, AVAX, SOL

0.3 Meme Coin Risk Gate

仅当检测到 meme/低市值代币时触发。MUST display warning before proceeding:

⚠️ Meme 币 LP 额外风险：
1. 极端无常损失 — 价格可能单方向暴涨/暴跌 90%+
2. 流动性枯竭 — 池子 TVL 可能骤降，头寸无法退出
3. 合约风险 — 代币可能有 honeypot/税收/暂停转账等恶意机制
4. 调仓失败 — 低流动性导致 swap 滑点过大

Must get explicit user confirmation before proceeding.

0.4 Search, Rank & Auto-Select

onchainos defi search --chain <chain> --token "<token0>,<token1>" --product-group DEX_POOL

自动选择逻辑（用户无需手动选）：

1. 按 TVL 降序排列
2. 如果用户指定了 fee tier → 直接匹配
3. 如果未指定 → 选 TVL 最大的池子（通常是最佳流动性）
4. 展示选择结果供用户确认：池名、fee tier、TVL、预估池 APY（rate 字段）

Fee tier 参考（仅在用户问及或多池需选择时展示）：

• 0.01%: 稳定币对 · 0.05%: 高相关性对 · 0.3%: 主流对（推荐）· 1%: 高波动对

0.5 Generate config.json

自动 fetch detail (onchainos defi detail) 并生成 config，无需用户手动填写。

字段映射：

• investment_id ← search investmentId
• chain_id ← search chainIndex
• platform_id ← detail analysisPlatformId（注意不是 platformId）
• fee_tier ← search feeRate
• tick_spacing ← 根据 fee tier 推导：0.01%→1, 0.05%→10, 0.3%→60, 1%→200
• token0/token1 ← detail underlyingToken。如果 token 是 native ETH（0xeee...），LP 合约用 WETH，需映射（Base: 0x4200000000000000000000000000000000000006）
• native_token ← 始终 0xeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee（用于 swap 和余额查询）
• 其余参数 ← 根据 pool type 自动填入下表默认值

{
  "investment_id": "<auto>",
  "pool_chain": "<auto>",
  "chain_id": "<auto>",
  "platform_id": "<auto>",
  "native_token": "0xeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee",
  "fee_tier": "<auto>",
  "tick_spacing": "<auto>",
  "token0": { "symbol": "<auto>", "address": "<auto>", "decimals": "<auto>" },
  "token1": { "symbol": "<auto>", "address": "<auto>", "decimals": "<auto>" },
  "range_mult": { "low": 1.0, "medium": 1.2, "high": 1.5, "extreme": 2.0 },
  "min_range_pct": 2,
  "max_range_pct": 5,
  "asym_factor": 0.3,
  "min_position_age_seconds": 3600,
  "max_rebalances_24h": 6,
  "gas_to_fee_ratio": 0.5,
  "max_il_tolerance_pct": 5.0,
  "edge_proximity_threshold": 0.15,
  "stop_loss_pct": 0.15,
  "trailing_stop_pct": 0.1,
  "slippage_pct": 1,
  "gas_reserve_eth": 0.02,
  "min_trade_usd": 5.0,
  "quiet_interval_seconds": 1800,
  "max_consecutive_errors": 5,
  "cooldown_after_errors_seconds": 3600
}

Pool-type-specific defaults（自动应用，无需用户选择）：

Parameter	稳定币对	Native/稳定币	非稳定币	Meme 池
min_range_pct	0.5	2	3	5
max_range_pct	2	5	8	15
range_mult.low	0.5	1.0	1.2	1.5
range_mult.extreme	1.0	2.0	2.5	3.0
stop_loss_pct	0.05	0.15	0.20	0.30
trailing_stop_pct	0.03	0.10	0.15	0.20
max_il_tolerance_pct	1.0	5.0	8.0	15.0
gas_reserve_eth	0.005	0.02	0.02	0.02

0.6 Gate

• [ ] config.json written with valid investment_id, token0, token1
• [ ] .env configured (copy from .env.example, fill in API credentials + WALLET_ADDR)
• [ ] onchainos wallet balance returns valid balances for the target chain
• [ ] If meme pool: user has explicitly confirmed risk warning

---

Pipeline: Runtime Steps

CRITICAL RULE: Steps MUST execute in order. Do NOT skip steps or proceed past a gate that has not been satisfied.

Step 1: Data Acquisition

Actions:

1. Fetch current price via onchainos market price or onchainos swap quote
2. Fetch current position detail via onchainos defi position-detail (if position exists)
3. Update price_history (append, cap at 288 = 24h @ 5min)
4. Fetch on-chain balances via onchainos wallet balance

Gate (ALL must pass):

• [ ] Price is non-null and > 0
• [ ] Circuit breaker not active (consecutive_errors < 5)
• [ ] Stop not triggered (stop_triggered == null)

Step 2: Volatility & Trend Analysis

Actions:

1. Fetch K-line data (1H candles, 24 bars) → compute ATR-based volatility (hourly cache)
2. Classify volatility: low (<1.5%), medium (1.5-3%), high (3-5%), extreme (>5%)
3. Compute multi-timeframe trend analysis (复用 grid-trading MTF):
   • Short EMA (25min), Medium EMA (1h), Long EMA (4h)
   • EMA alignment → trend direction (bullish/bearish/neutral) + strength (0-1)
   • 8h structure detection (uptrend/downtrend/ranging)
4. Compute 1h and 4h momentum

Output: atr_pct float, vol_class string, mtf dict

Gate:

• [ ] atr_pct is non-null and > 0
• [ ] vol_class is one of: low, medium, high, extreme
• [ ] mtf dict has trend and strength fields (graceful fallback to neutral)

Step 3: Range Calculation

Actions:

1. Compute range width based on volatility class:
   • Low (<1.5%): 2 × ATR each side → tight range, max capital efficiency
   • Medium (1.5-3%): 3 × ATR each side → balanced
   • High (3-5%): 5 × ATR each side → wide range, fewer rebalances
   • Extreme (>5%): 8 × ATR each side → safety first
2. Apply trend asymmetry (if trend strength > 0.3):
   • Bullish: upper side wider, lower side tighter (跟随上涨空间)
   • Bearish: lower side wider, upper side tighter (防御下跌空间)
3. Convert price range to tick range (aligned to pool's tick_spacing)
4. Compute capital efficiency estimate: price / (upper - lower)

Output: tick_lower, tick_upper, range_width_pct, capital_efficiency

Gate:

• [ ] tick_lower < current_tick < tick_upper
• [ ] Range width >= minimum (2 × tick_spacing)
• [ ] tick values aligned to pool's tick_spacing

Step 4: Rebalance Decision

Actions:

1. If no existing position → always deploy (first run)
2. Check rebalance triggers:
   • Out of range: price < lower or price > upper → MUST rebalance
3. Anti-churn checks:
   • Position age >= MIN_POSITION_AGE (2h)
   • Rebalance count < MAX_REBALANCES_24H (6/day)
   • Gas cost < GAS_TO_FEE_RATIO × expected fees (50%)
   • New range differs >5% from current range
4. Check stop conditions: stop-loss, trailing stop, IL tolerance

Gate:

• [ ] Rebalance trigger identified, OR no rebalance needed (skip to Step 5)
• [ ] All anti-churn checks passed (if rebalancing)
• [ ] No stop condition triggered

Step 5: Execution & Notification

Actions (if rebalancing):

1. Claim accumulated fees: onchainos defi claim
2. Remove liquidity: onchainos defi redeem --percent 100
3. Calculate target token ratio for new range: onchainos defi calculate-entry
4. Swap to correct ratio: onchainos swap swap (if needed)
5. Deposit at new range: onchainos defi deposit
6. On failure at any sub-step: emergency fallback deploy at 3× normal width
7. Record rebalance in state, update position info

Actions (always): 8. Calculate performance metrics (PnL, fees claimed, IL, time-in-range) 9. Build structured notification output (see Notification Tiers below)

Output: tiered notification JSON (via ---JSON--- block)

Tool Wrapper: onchainos CLI Reference

Prerequisites

which onchainos  # must be installed
# Auth via environment variables
OKX_API_KEY=...
OKX_SECRET_KEY=...
OKX_PASSPHRASE=...

Core DeFi Operations

Operation	Command	Key Parameters
Search Pools	onchainos defi search --chain base --token "ETH,USDC" --product-group DEX_POOL	chain, token, product-group
Pool Detail	onchainos defi detail --investment-id <id> --chain base	investment-id
Calculate Entry	onchainos defi calculate-entry --investment-id <id> --chain base --tick-lower <t> --tick-upper <t>	ticks, amounts
Deposit	onchainos defi deposit --investment-id <id> --chain base --amount0 <a> --amount1 <a> --tick-lower <t> --tick-upper <t>	amounts, ticks
Redeem	onchainos defi redeem --investment-id <id> --chain base --token-id <nft> --percent 100	token-id, percent
Claim Fees	onchainos defi claim --investment-id <id> --chain base --token-id <nft>	token-id
My Positions	onchainos defi positions --chain base	chain
Position Detail	onchainos defi position-detail --investment-id <id> --chain base --token-id <nft>	token-id

Market & Swap Operations

Operation	Command	Key Parameters
Get Price	onchainos market price --address <token> --chain base	token address
Get K-line	onchainos market kline --address <token> --chain base --bar 1H --limit 24	bar size, limit
Swap Quote	onchainos swap quote --from <A> --to <B> --amount <amt> --chain base	tokens, amount
Execute Swap	onchainos swap swap --from <A> --to <B> --amount <amt> --chain base --wallet <addr> --slippage 1	wallet, slippage
Approve Token	onchainos swap approve --token <addr> --amount <amt> --chain base	token, amount

Error Handling Protocol

Every function returns (result, failure_info). Failure info is structured:

failure_info = {
    "reason": str,      # machine-readable: "claim_failed", "redeem_failed", "deposit_failed", etc.
    "detail": str,      # human-readable context
    "retriable": bool,  # safe to auto-retry?
    "hint": str         # "transient_api_error", "retry_with_fresh_quote", "insufficient_balance"
}

Auto-retry policy: 1 retry for retriable=True with 3s delay.

Rebalance failure fallback: if deposit fails after remove, emergency deploy at 3× normal width.

Tunable Parameters

Range Configuration

Parameter	Default	Description
VOL_MULTIPLIER_LOW	2.0	ATR multiplier for low volatility (<1.5%)
VOL_MULTIPLIER_MED	3.0	ATR multiplier for medium volatility (1.5-3%)
VOL_MULTIPLIER_HIGH	5.0	ATR multiplier for high volatility (3-5%)
VOL_MULTIPLIER_EXTREME	8.0	ATR multiplier for extreme volatility (>5%)
VOL_THRESHOLD_LOW	1.5	Low/medium volatility boundary (%)
VOL_THRESHOLD_HIGH	3.0	Medium/high volatility boundary (%)
VOL_THRESHOLD_EXTREME	5.0	High/extreme volatility boundary (%)
TREND_ASYM_FACTOR	0.3	Max trend asymmetry ratio (0=symmetric, 1=fully asymmetric)
TREND_ASYM_THRESHOLD	0.3	Minimum trend strength to activate asymmetry

Rebalance Triggers

Parameter	Default	Description
MIN_RANGE_CHANGE_PCT	0.05	Skip rebalance if new range <5% different

Anti-Churn Controls

Parameter	Default	Description
MIN_POSITION_AGE	7200	2h minimum position hold time (seconds)
MAX_REBALANCES_24H	6	Maximum rebalances per 24h period
GAS_TO_FEE_RATIO	0.5	Skip if gas > 50% of expected fees

Multi-Timeframe Analysis

Parameter	Default	Description
MTF_SHORT_PERIOD	5	5-bar EMA (25min @ 5min tick)
MTF_MEDIUM_PERIOD	12	12-bar EMA (1h @ 5min tick)
MTF_LONG_PERIOD	48	48-bar EMA (4h @ 5min tick)
MTF_STRUCTURE_PERIOD	96	96-bar (8h) for structure detection

Risk Controls

Parameter	Default	Description
STOP_LOSS_PCT	0.15	Stop if portfolio drops 15% below cost basis
TRAILING_STOP_PCT	0.10	Stop if portfolio drops 10% from peak
MAX_IL_TOLERANCE_PCT	0.05	Hard stop if IL exceeds 5%
MAX_CONSECUTIVE_ERRORS	5	Circuit breaker threshold
COOLDOWN_AFTER_ERRORS	3600	1h cooldown after circuit breaker trips
GAS_RESERVE	0.003	Native token reserved for gas

Execution

Parameter	Default	Description
SLIPPAGE_PCT	1	Slippage tolerance for swaps
EMERGENCY_WIDTH_MULT	3.0	Emergency fallback range = 3× normal width
DRY_RUN	false	Fetch real data but simulate operations

Risk Control Flow

[1] stop_triggered → refuse all operations, emit alert JSON
[2] circuit_breaker (consecutive_errors >= 5) → 1h cooldown, refuse
[3] data validation (price/balance/position null) → refuse
[4] stop-loss / trailing-stop / IL tolerance → set stop_triggered, alert
[5] rebalance frequency (>6/day) → skip rebalance
[6] position age (<2h) → skip rebalance
[7] gas cost check (>50% of expected fees) → skip rebalance
[8] minimum range change (<5%) → skip rebalance
[9] execute rebalance → success / failure with emergency fallback

Operational Interface

Sub-Commands

Command	Purpose	Trigger	Notification
tick	主循环：采集→分析→决策→执行，结果缓存到 _cached_snapshot	Cron 每 5min	🔔 Trade Alert / ⚠️ Risk Alert / 📊 Hourly Pulse
status	用户查询入口：Portfolio 总览 + 头寸 + 收益 + 范围。优先读 5min 缓存（秒级响应），过期才实时查询	用户主动	终端输出（不推送）
report	每日绩效报告	Cron 每日 00:00 UTC	📈 Daily Report
history	调仓历史	用户主动	终端输出（不推送）
analyze	详细 JSON 分析（波动率、范围、效率）	AI agent	终端输出（不推送）
reset	关闭头寸并重新部署	手动	🔔 Trade Alert
close	完全退出头寸	手动	🔔 Trade Alert

status 触发词（用户说以下任意内容时应调用 status）：

• 查询收益、收益怎么样、赚了多少、PnL、盈亏
• 查询仓位、头寸状态、LP 状况、仓位情况
• 年化多少、APY、费用收入、手续费
• 无常损失、IL
• 总资产、Portfolio、余额
• LP 里有多少 ETH / USDC

COMMANDS = {
    "tick": tick, "status": status, "report": report,
    "history": history_cmd, "reset": reset, "close": close,
    "analyze": analyze
}
if __name__ == "__main__":
    cmd = sys.argv[1] if len(sys.argv) > 1 else "tick"
    COMMANDS.get(cmd, tick)()

Notification Tiers

脚本内部封装完整的消息格式化和可视化逻辑，通过 ---JSON--- 块输出结构化数据（含 notification 渲染块），由调度器路由到通信渠道。

Tier	触发条件	推送
Trade Alert	调仓成功或失败	每次交易立即推送
Risk Alert	止损/熔断/连续错误	立即推送
Hourly Pulse	距上次推送 ≥ QUIET_INTERVAL 且无交易	每小时推送
Daily Report	report 命令 (cron daily)	每日推送

status/analyze 命令为用户主动查询，直接输出到终端，不推送。status 优先从 _cached_snapshot（每 5min tick 时写入）读取已计算好的数据，无需任何 API 调用即可返回完整状态（Portfolio 跨平台总览 + 头寸 + PnL + IL + APY + LP 代币拆分）。缓存过期（>360s）时自动 fallback 到实时查询。

脚本负责：消息标题、字段组织、范围位置可视化、颜色级别、footer 上下文。调度器只需透传 notification 块到通信平台。

State Schema

{
  "version": 1,
  "pool": {
    "investment_id": "uniswap-v3-base-eth-usdc-3000",
    "chain": "base",
    "chain_id": 8453,
    "token0": "0x4200000000000000000000000000000000000006",
    "token1": "0x833589fCD6eDb6E08f4c7C32D4f71b54bdA02913",
    "fee_tier": 3000,
    "tick_spacing": 60
  },
  "position": {
    "token_id": null,
    "tick_lower": null,
    "tick_upper": null,
    "price_lower": null,
    "price_upper": null,
    "created_at": null,
    "created_atr_pct": null,
    "created_vol_class": null
  },
  "price_history": [],
  "vol_history": [],
  "rebalance_history": [
    {
      "time": "ISO timestamp",
      "trigger": "out_of_range",
      "old_range": [-198120, -197400],
      "new_range": [-198300, -197100],
      "fees_claimed_usd": 1.25
    }
  ],
  "stats": {
    "total_rebalances": 0,
    "total_fees_claimed_usd": 0,
    "unclaimed_fee_usd": 0,
    "time_in_range_pct": 100,
    "initial_portfolio_usd": null,
    "total_deposits_usd": 0,
    "portfolio_peak_usd": null,
    "started_at": null,
    "last_check": null
  },
  "errors": {
    "consecutive": 0,
    "cooldown_until": null
  },
  "stop_triggered": null,
  "kline_cache": null,
  "mtf_cache": null,
  "last_quiet_report": null
}

Key fields:

• pool: target pool configuration (chain, tokens, fee tier, tick spacing)
• position.token_id: NFT position ID (null if no active position)
• position.created_atr_pct: ATR at position creation (for vol shift detection)
• rebalance_history: full audit trail of all rebalances with costs
• stats.time_in_range_pct: key performance metric — % of ticks where price was in range
• stats.initial_portfolio_usd + total_deposits_usd: PnL 计算的成本基准
• stats.total_fees_claimed_usd + unclaimed_fee_usd: LP 手续费总收入，用于推导 IL
• stop_triggered: string describing trigger condition, or null

Core Algorithm

1. Fetch current price
2. Fetch position detail (if exists)
3. Update price_history (cap at 288 = 24h)
4. Fetch K-line data (1H × 24) → compute ATR volatility (hourly cache)
5. Classify volatility → vol_class (low/medium/high/extreme)
6. Multi-timeframe analysis → trend/strength/momentum/structure
7. Compute optimal range:
   a. Base width = VOL_MULTIPLIER[vol_class] × ATR each side
   b. Apply trend asymmetry (upper/lower sides)
   c. Convert to ticks, align to tick_spacing
8. Check rebalance triggers:
   a. Out of range → must rebalance
9. Anti-churn gates (position age, frequency, gas cost, range change)
10. If rebalancing:
    a. Claim fees → remove liquidity → swap to ratio → deposit at new range
    b. On failure: emergency fallback at 3× width
11. Check stop conditions (stop-loss, trailing stop, IL tolerance)
12. Calculate performance metrics
13. Report status (structured JSON)

Deployment

OpenClaw Cron (recommended)

# Register tick (every 5 minutes)
zeroclaw cron add '*/5 * * * *' \
  'cd ~/.openclaw/skills/cl-lp-rebalancer/references && set -a && . ../.env && set +a && python3 cl_lp.py tick'

# Register daily report (08:00 CST = 00:00 UTC)
zeroclaw cron add '0 0 * * *' \
  'cd ~/.openclaw/skills/cl-lp-rebalancer/references && set -a && . ../.env && set +a && python3 cl_lp.py report'

Manual

# Single tick
python3 cl_lp.py tick

# Dry run (fetch real data, simulate operations)
DRY_RUN=true python3 cl_lp.py tick

# Status check
python3 cl_lp.py status

# Close position and exit
python3 cl_lp.py close

Failure & Rollback

IF rebalance sub-step fails:
  1. Log failure reason to cl_lp.log
  2. Increment errors.consecutive
  3. If errors.consecutive >= 5: trigger circuit breaker (1h cooldown)
  4. If failure after remove liquidity: emergency deploy at 3× normal width
     (priority: get funds back into a position, even if suboptimal)
  5. Report failure via JSON output
  6. On next tick: retry from last successful sub-step if possible

Anti-Patterns

Pattern	Problem
Rebalance every tick	Gas costs eat all fee income
Too tight range in high vol	Constant out-of-range, excessive rebalancing
Too wide range in low vol	Capital inefficiency, minimal fee capture
No minimum position age	Rapid back-and-forth rebalancing (churn)
Skip emergency fallback	Funds sit idle after failed rebalance (zero yield)
Ignore gas costs	L1 gas can exceed daily fee income
Symmetric range in trends	Miss upside in bull, excess downside in bear
No IL tracking	Cannot detect when IL exceeds fee income
Rebalance on vol change alone	Minor ATR fluctuations cause unnecessary churn — only rebalance when out of range
No time-in-range tracking	Cannot measure strategy effectiveness